Refereeing Adapted Judo involves applying judo rules with fairness, safety and flexibility. Athletes may have physical, intellectual, or sensory impairments, so referees must adapt their approach while promoting respect, inclusion and the spirit of judo.
Understanding Ability Levels
Adapted Judo categorises athletes into levels Level 1 to Level 5 (L1-L5), based on functional ability and judo competence:
- L1: High-performance judoka with intellectual impairment, competing with mainstream-level skills.
- L2: Good technical content but limited strategic application.
- L3–L5: Require more time for processing and support; may involve visual/verbal guidance during contests.
Refereeing Key Points
- L4 & L5: Referees play an advisory role, encouraging athletes while applying rules with flexibility. Key instructions include Mate, Hajime, and time for processing. Repeated illegal actions may result in penalties.
- L1–L3:
- L3: Adapted IJF rules; allow for processing time.
- VI (Visual Impaired) vs VI: Governed strictly under IJF rules.
- VI vs Adaptive: Follow Adaptive Judo modifications.
Modified Rules for L1–L2
While IJF rules apply, several techniques are restricted to ensure safety:
- No direct drop to knees.
- No Sutemi-waza, Kansetsu-waza, Shime-waza, or Sankaku-waza (unless for turnover without leg crossing).
- No encircling the head or neck.
- In newaza, the palm must remain flat on the floor when controlling.
Starting Positions
Bouts may begin from standing, kneeling, sitting, or lying positions, depending on the judoka’s ability. Kumi-kata must reflect the judoka’s capability and maintain safety.
Penalties and Contests Format
- L4–L5 & L3 (U15/O15): No golden score; penalties do not count. Referee decides outcome. Emphasis on positive judo.
- L1–L2 (O15): 3-minute rounds with unlimited golden score.
Conclusion
Refereeing in Adapted Judo requires flexibility, patience and a deep understanding of individual needs.
Author: Szandra Szogedi